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maternal impression
The conception of a maternal impression rests on the belief that a powerful mental (or sometimes physical) influence working on the mother's mind may produce an impression, either general or definite, on the child she is carrying.〔Havelock Ellis, ''Studies in the Psychology of Sex'', vol. 5 p. 218〕 The child might be said to be "marked" as a result.
==Medicine==
Maternal impression, according to a long-discredited medical theory, was a phenomenon that explained the existence of birth defects and congenital disorders. The theory stated that an emotional stimulus experienced by a pregnant woman could influence the development of the fetus. For example, it was sometimes supposed that the mother of the Elephant Man was frightened by an elephant during her pregnancy, thus "imprinting" the memory of the elephant onto the gestating fetus. Mental problems, such as schizophrenia and depression, were believed to be a manifestation of similar disordered feelings in the mother. For instance, a pregnant woman who experienced great sadness might imprint depressive tendencies onto the fetus in her womb.
The theory of maternal impression was largely abandoned by the 20th century, with the development of modern genetic theory.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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